# connect to database
mysql -u user -p -h host database

# check connections and processes
show variables like '%conn%';
show status like '%conn%';
show processlist;

# check character-set and collation
show variables like '%character%';
show variables like '%collat%';
show table status where name = 'MY_TABLE';
show full columns from 'MY_TABLE';

# database and character sets
alter database MY_DATABASE character set utf8 collate utf8_unicode_ci;
alter table MY_TABLE character set utf8 collate utf8_unicode_ci;
create database MY_DATABASE default character set = 'utf8' default collate = 'utf8_unicode_ci';

# create new table
create table if not exists MY_TABLE (
    ID bigint not null auto_increment,
    NAME varchar(100) not null,
    ORG_ID bigint not null,
    COMMENT longtext,
    CREATED_ON datetime,
    primary key (ID),
    unique (NAME, ORG_ID)
) engine = MyISAM|InnoDB , default character set = 'utf8' default collate = 'utf8_general_ci';

# create new user
create user 'dummy'@'localhost' identified by 'dummy';
grant all privileges on MY_DATABASE.* to 'dummy'@'localhost' with grant option;
create user 'dummy'@'%' identified by 'dummy';
grant all privileges on MY_DATABASE.* to 'dummy'@'%' with grant option;

# backup and restore
mysqldump -u userA -p db_xyz > db_xyz.sql
mysql -u userA -p db_xyz < db_xyz.sql